Antimycin A 抗霉素A

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产品标签

线粒体电子传递抑制剂，Virosin 毒质菌素，凋亡诱导，细胞色素还原酶（bc1复合物），CAS：1397-94-0

产品信息

产品描述

抗霉素A（Antimycin A，CAS：1397-94-0），分离自链霉菌属（Streptomyces Sp.）的代谢产物，由四种异构体抗霉素A1，A2，A3，A4组成的混合物，是第一种为人所知和最强效的线粒体呼吸链抑制剂，结合细胞色素bc1复合物（即细胞色素还原酶）的苯醌还原位点，特异性阻断细胞色素b和c1之间的电子转运，氧化磷酸化和ATP合成。抗霉素A可用作模型以研究线粒体呼吸和超氧化物产生机制。抗霉素A还可抑制Bcl-2和Bcl-xL蛋白活性，从而诱导凋亡发生。

产品特性

1）CAS NO：1397-94-0

2）化学名：[(2R,3S,6S,7R,8R)-3-[(3-Formamido-2-hydroxybenzoyl)amino]-8-hexyl-2,6-dimethyl-4,9-dioxo- 1,5-dioxonan-7-yl] 3-methylbutanoate (for Antimycin A1)

3）同义名：Antipiricullin; Virosin;

4）分子式/分子量：本抗霉素A为四种异构体A1，A2，A3，A4的混合物，具体信息如下，

    异构体A1（R=C6H13）, C28H40N2O9, 548.6 g/mol

    异构体A2（R=C5H11）, C27H38N2O9,534.6g/mol

    异构体A3（R=C4H9）, C26H36N2O9, 520.6 g/mol

    异构体A4（R=C3H7）, C25H34N2O9, 506.6 g/mol

5）外观：白色至黄色粉末

6）溶解性：溶于无水乙醇（50mg/ml）、DMSO（2mg/ml），不溶于水

8）化学结构图：

保存与运输方法

保存：-20℃干燥保存，3年有效。

运输：冰袋运输。

常见问题

1.       抗霉素A的纯度如何？

抗霉素A为四种异构体A1，A2，A3，A4的混合物，质控标准为每个异构体所占比例为≥0.00%（HPLC）。总异构体混合物的纯度因批次而异。

2.       抗霉素A的分子量如何？

抗霉素A为四种异构体A1，A2，A3，A4的混合物，每种异构体分子量不一致。每个异构体的分子量（g/mol）约为：A1（548.6），A2（534.6），A3（520.6），A4（506.6）。每种异构体所占比例因批次而异（HPLC测定）。随机抽取四个批次的抗霉素A，计算下来抗霉素A的平均分子量约为532g/mol。 

3.       抗霉素A的溶解性如何？

抗霉素A溶于DMSO（2mg/ml），乙醇（50mg/ml），醚，丙酮和氯仿，不溶于水。

4.       抗霉素A的工作浓度如何？

有报道使用2µg/ml 抗霉素A（从DMSO储存液做1：1000倍稀释）用于内皮细胞。文献：Wilkinson JA et al. Agonist-induced calcium and oxidative stress responses in endothelial cells. Biochem Soc Trans. 2003 Oct;31(Pt 5):960-2.

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引用文献：

[1] Zhang, L., Feng, P., Deng, Y. et al. Decreased Vascular Bundle 1 affects mitochondrial and plant development in rice. Rice 14, 13 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-021-00454-

The antimycin A (ShangHai Maokang Biotechnology, China) and oligomycin (ShangHai Maokang Biotechnology, China) used were from acqueous dilutions of DMSO stock solutions (150 mM antimycin A; 20 mM oligomycin) to 1.25 μM antimycin A and 0.5 μM oligomycin.

[2] Shi W, Zhou X, Li X, Peng X, Chen G, Li Y, Zhang C, Yu H, Feng Z, Gou X, Fan J. Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Protect against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Secreting Extracellular Vesicles Loaded with miR-148b-3p That Target Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 to Inhibit Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress at the Reperfusion Stages. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 May 17;24(10):8899. doi: 10.3390/ijms24108899. PMID: 37240246; PMCID: PMC10219505.

Antimycin A was purchased from Maokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China)

[3] Hang PZ, Ge FQ, Zhang MR, Li QH, Yu HQ, Song YC, Guo DD, Zhao J, Zhu H. BDNF mimetic 7,8-dihydroxyflavone rescues rotenone-induced cytotoxicity in cardiomyocytes by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction. Free Radic Biol Med. 2023 Mar;198:83-91. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.02.006. Epub 2023 Feb 9. PMID: 36764626.

Antimycin A (Ama, MS0070) was provided by Maokang Biotechnology Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China).

[4] Mu H, Cai S, Wang X, Li H, Zhang L, Li H, Xiang W. RNA binding protein IGF2BP1 meditates oxidative stress-induced granulosa cell dysfunction by regulating MDM2 mRNA stability in an m⁶A-dependent manner. Redox Biol. 2022 Nov;57:102492. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102492. Epub 2022 Sep 24. Erratum in: Redox Biol. 2023 Sep 12;:102880. PMID: 36182806; PMCID: PMC9526231.

2.5 μM antimycin A (Maokang biotechnology, China)

[5] Zhu L, Weng C, Shen X and Zhu X (2024) Aptly chosen, effectively emphasizing the action and mechanism of antimycin A₁. Front. Microbiol. 15:1371850. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1371850

Antimycin A₁ (95%) was obtained from Shanghai Maokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. All chemicals used were of analytical grade. 

[6] Zhao J, Yu HQ, Ge FQ, Zhang MR, Song YC, Guo DD, Li QH, Zhu H, Hang PZ. 7,8,3'-Trihydroxyflavone prevents doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction via activating Akt signaling pathway in H9c2 cells. Cell Signal. 2023 Dec;112:110924. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110924. Epub 2023 Oct 12. PMID: 37838311.

Antimycin A (Amy, MS0070) was obtained from Maokang Biotechnology Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). 

[7] Wu Z, Pan J, Yang J, Zhang D. LncRNA136131 suppresses apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in acute kidney injury by targeting the miR-378a-3p/Rab10 axis. Aging (Albany NY). 2022 Apr 28;14(8):3666-3686. doi: 10.18632/aging.204036. Epub 2022 Apr 28. PMID: 35482482; PMCID: PMC9085219.

When BUMPT cells were 90% confluent, the culture medium was replaced with Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS; containing 1.3 mM Ca⁺⁺ and 0.8 mM Mg⁺⁺) plus with antimycin A (Shanghai Maokang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. No: 1397-94-0) 

[8] Luyao Zhang et al. In pre-clinical study fetal hypoxia caused autophagy and mitochondrial impairment in ovary granulosa cells mitigated by melatonin supplement. Journal of Advanced Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2023.11.008

 Rotenone, N-acetyl-5-methoxytrypamine (Melatonin),  and Antimycin A were bought by Shanghai Maokang Biotechnology Co. (Shang Hai, China).